Atropine

Naturally occurring tertiary amine which competitively antagonises ACh at the muscarinic receptor, causing parasympatholytic effects.

Property Atropine
Class Naturally occurring tertiary amine. Muscarinic antagonist.
Uses Bradycardia, organophosphate poisoning, antisialagogue, treatment of PDPH
Presentation Clear, colourless solution at 600μg.ml-1. Racemic mixture, with only the L-isomer active
Route of Administration IV
Dosing 600μg-3mg
Distribution 50% protein bound, VD 3L.kg-1. Crosses BBB.
Metabolism Extensive hepatic hydrolysis
Elimination Renal elimination of metabolites and unchanged drug
Resp Bronchodilation, ↓ secretions
CVS HR due to ↑ AV nodal conduction, peaks within 2-4 minutes and lasts 2-3 hours
CNS Central anticholinergic syndrome, confusion, ↑ IOP, ↑ CSF secretion in choroid, cerebral vasoconstriction
MSK Inhibits sweating
GIT ↓ LoS tone

References

  1. Smith S, Scarth E, Sasada M. Drugs in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. 4th Ed. Oxford University Press. 2011.
  2. Peck TE, Hill SA. Pharmacology for Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. 4th Ed. Cambridge University Press. 2014.
  3. Mahmoud, Ahmed Abdelaal Ahmed, Amr Zaki Mansour, Hany Mahmoud Yassin, Hazem Abdelwahab Hussein, Ahmed Moustafa Kamal, Mohamed Elayashy, Mohamed Farid Elemady, et al. ‘Addition of Neostigmine and Atropine to Conventional Management of Postdural Puncture Headache: A Randomized Controlled Trial’ 127, no. 6 (2018): 6.
Last updated 2019-07-18

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